11.0 The Exile: Judah’s Dark Night of the Soul
Questions for Study
Last revised: 11/16/99
Explanation: The questions listed below form the data base from which the objective and short answer essay questions will be drawn for weekly quizzes and exam option 1. By answering these questions from information found in Tullock and other sources such as web sites, Bible dictionaries and encyclopedias, introductory textbooks etc. you will have a wealth of material to use for studying for the quizzes and exams. NOTE: check this page periodically since it is constantly being revised; you will want to observe the Last revised date to see if new materials have been added since last checking it. No more new questions will be added once the topic has been covered in class discussion; see class bulletin board for notices. Each question is numbered coded to the specified topic in the List of Topics. Sources of information for the answer to the question other than Tullock are listed after the number code.

____ #. (11.1.1) The book of Lamentations is distinctive because it ___ the city of Jerusalem.

a) pronounces  doom and punishment on
b) mourns the death of
c) offers future hope to


____ #. (11.1.1.1) The poetic meter uniformly through out the book of Lamentations is 3:2 rhythm called the qinah. 

a) True b) False


          #. (11.1.1.1) Another major poetic feature of the book of Lamentations is the acrostic. Briefly explain the nature of this literary device.

 

 

____ #. (11.1.1.1) The reason that chapters 1,2,4, and 5 have exactly 22 verses each is that there are 22 letters in the Hebrew alphabet. 

a) True b) False


____ #. (11.1.1.1) The divisions of the book of Lamentations with chapters 1,2,4 and 5 having exactly 22 verses each, and chapter 3 with 66 verses comes about through the use of 

a) parallelism b) alphabetic acrostics c) qinah
 
 ----------------------------------(11.1.1.2.1) Lamentations 1:1-5-----------------------------------------------
 1   How lonely sits the city that once was full of people!
      How like a widow she has become
              she that was great among the nations!
      She that was a princess among the provices
              has become a vassal.

 2  She weeps bitterly in the night,
             with tears on her checks;
     among all her lovers
             she has no one to comfort her;
     all her friends have dealt treacherously with her,
             they have become her enemies.

 3  Judah has gone into exile with suffering
             and hard servitude;
     she now lives among the nations,
             and finds no resting place;
     her pursuers have all overtaken her
             in the midst of her distress.

 4  The roads to Zion mourn,
            for no one comes to the festivals;
     all her gates are desolate,
           her priests groan;
     her young girls grieve,
           and her lot is bitter.

 5  Her foes have become the masters,
           her enemies prosper,
     because the LORD has made her suffer
           for the multitude of her transgressions;
     her children have gone away,
           captives before the foe.

 
Answer the following questions from the above text:

____ #. (11.1.1.2.1) Jerusalem is personnified as 

a) a young woman b) a widow c) an old man


____ #. (11.1.1.2.1) In verse 1 the English how translates a Hebrew expression of woe. 

a) True b) False


        #. (11.1.1.2.1) Jerusalem is referred to as Judah in verse ______.

____ #. (11.1.1.2.1) The picture described in these verses is that of the city of Jerusalem when

a) the Assyrians overran the city in 722 B.C.E. and destroyed it.
b) the Babylonians had invaded the city for the second time in 587 B.C.E. and destroyed it.
c) the Romans destroyed the city in 70 A.D.


____ #. (11.1.1.2.1) Which verse indicates the reason for the destruction of the city? 

a) 1:1 b) 1:3 c) 1:5


____ #. (11.1.1.2.1) Which type of parallelism is used in the following lines from verse 5?

Her foes have become the masters,
        her enemies prosper,
a) Synonymous b) Antithetical c) Synthetic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
____ #. (11.1.1.2.4)  The following lines from Lam. 4:10 describe
The hands of compassionate women
             have boiled their own children;
they became their food
             in the destruction of my people.
a) Cannibalism b) Child sacrifice as worship c) Brutal murder of children


____ #. (11.1.2) Of those Israelites taken to Babylon in the three deportations (597, 587 and 582), the grand total probably was less than five thousand. 

a) True b) False


          #. (11.2.1) Describe the changes that took place in Israel’s life because of the exile:

(1) A New Name:

(2) A New Way of Life:

(3) A New Language:

(4) A New Way of Worship:

(5) A new Emphasis on the Traditions of Israel:

(6) A New Emphasis in Theology:


____ #. (11.2.2) Jeremiah’s and Ezekiel’s ministries have no real comparison since Jeremiah was in Egypt and Ezekiel in Babylon. 

a) True b) False


____ #. (11.2.2.1) Before Ezekiel became a prophet, he served in the Jerusalem temple as a priest. 

a) True b) False


____ #. (11.2.2.1) Ezekiel was among those taken prisoner to Babylon in the deportation of 

a) 597 b) 587/586 c) 582


          #. (11.2.2.1) The ministries of both Jeremiah in Jerusalem and Ezekiel in exile in Babylon focused on what two objectives?

(1)

(2)


____ #. (11.2.2.1) Ezekiel’s message shifted from doom to hope when the Jerusalem and temple were destroyed in 

a) 597 b) 587/586 c) 582


____ #. (11.2.2.1) Ezekiel’s ministry had two phases: to prepare the Jewish exiles in Babylon for the complete destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C.E. and then to given them hope for a time of restoration. 

a) True b) False


         #. (11.2.2.2) Identify the correct theme of the divisions of the book of Ezekiel:

(1) Chapters 1-24:

(2) Chapters 25-32:

(3) Chapter 33-48:


____ #. (11.2.2.3) The elaborate and numerous visions of Ezekiel help him become a connecting link between the prophets and the later apocalyptic writers.
  

a) True b) False


         #. (11.2.2.3) List the five distinctives of Ezekiel from the other prophets:

(1)
 

(2)
 

(3)
 

(4)
 

(5)


____ #. (11.3.2) The Babylonian Empire was replaced by the Persian Empire under the leadership of 

a) Nebuchadnezzar b) Nabonidus c) Cyrus


____ #. (11.3.2) The ruler who allowed the Jewish exiles in Babylon to begin returning home to rebuild Jerusalem was 

a) Nebuchadnezzar b) Nabonidus c) Cyrus

 
The Call of the Prophets
Isaiah, Deutero-Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel
Isaiah
Isaiah 6:1-13
     6:1 In the year that King Uzzi’ah died I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up; and his train filled the temple. 6:2 Above him stood the seraphim; each had six wings: with two he covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew. 6:3 And one called to another and said:
  “Holy, holy, holy is the LORD of hosts;
  the whole earth is full of his glory.”
6:4 And the foundations of the thresholds shook at the voice of him who called, and the house was filled with smoke. 6:5 And I said: “Woe is me! For I am lost; for I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips; for my eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts!” 
      6:6 Then flew one of the seraphim to me, having in his hand a burning coal which he had taken with tongs from the altar. 6:7 And he touched my mouth, and said: “Behold, this has touched your lips; your guilt is taken away, and your sin forgiven.” 6:8 And I heard the voice of the Lord saying, “Whom shall I send, and who will go for us?” Then I said, “Here am I! Send me.” 6:9 And he said, “Go, and say to this people: 
          ‘Hear and hear, but do not understand;
                  see and see, but do not perceive.’
6:10    Make the heart of this people fat,
                  and their ears heavy,
                  and shut their eyes;
           lest they see with their eyes,
                  and hear with their ears,
           and understand with their hearts,
                  and turn and be healed.”
6:11 Then I said, “How long, O Lord?” And he said:
         “Until cities lie waste
                 without inhabitant,
           and houses without men,
                 and the land is utterly desolate,
6:12    and the LORD removes men far away,
                 and the forsaken places are many in the midst of the land.
6:13   And though a tenth remain in it,
                 it will be burned again,
          like a terebinth or an oak,
                whose stump remains standing
                when it is felled.”
          The holy seed is its stump.
 
Deutero-Isaiah
Isaiah 40:1-11
40:1   Comfort, comfort my people,
                  says your God.
40:2    Speak tenderly to Jerusalem,
                  and cry to her
           that her warfare is ended,
                  that her iniquity is pardoned,
           that she has received from the LORD’s hand
                  double for all her sins.
40:3  A voice cries:
         “In the wilderness prepare the way of the LORD,
                  make straight in the desert a highway for our God.
40:4    Every valley shall be lifted up,
                  and every mountain and hill be made low;
           the uneven ground shall become level,
                  and the rough places a plain.
40:5    And the glory of the LORD shall be revealed,
                  and all flesh shall see it together,
                  for the mouth of the LORD has spoken.”
40:6 A voice says, “Cry!”
   And I said, “What shall I cry?”
          All flesh is grass,
                 and all its beauty is like the flower of the field.
40:7   The grass withers, the flower fades,
                 when the breath of the LORD blows upon it;
                 surely the people is grass.
40:8   The grass withers, the flower fades;
                 but the word of our God will stand for ever.
40:9   Get you up to a high mountain,
                O Zion, herald of good tidings;
          lift up your voice with strength,
                O Jerusalem, herald of good tidings,
          lift it up, fear not;
  say to the cities of Judah,
         “Behold your God!”
40:10  Behold, the Lord GOD comes with might,
                 and his arm rules for him;
           behold, his reward is with him,
                 and his recompense before him.
40:11  He will feed his flock like a shepherd,
                 he will gather the lambs in his arms,
           he will carry them in his bosom,
                 and gently lead those that are with young.
Jeremiah
Jeremiah 1:1-19
1:1 The words of Jeremiah, the son of Hilki’ah, of the priests who were in An’athoth in the land of Benjamin, 1:2 to whom the word of the LORD came in the days of Josi’ah the son of Amon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign. 1:3 It came also in the days of Jehoi’akim the son of Josi’ah, king of Judah, and until the end of the eleventh year of Zedeki’ah, the son of Josi’ah, king of Judah, until the captivity of Jerusalem in the fifth month.
 1:4 Now the word of the LORD came to me saying,
1:5     “Before I formed you in the womb I knew you,
                  and before you were born I consecrated you;
           I appointed you a prophet to the nations.”
1:6 Then I said, “Ah, Lord GOD! Behold, I do not know how to speak, for I am only a youth.” 1:7 But the LORD said to me,
         “Do not say, ‘I am only a youth’;
                 for to all to whom I send you you shall go,
           and whatever I command you you shall speak.
1:8      Be not afraid of them,
                 for I am with you to deliver you, says the LORD.”
1:9 Then the LORD put forth his hand and touched my mouth; and the LORD said to me,
         “Behold, I have put my words in your mouth.
1:10   See, I have set you this day over nations and over kingdoms,
                to pluck up and to break down,
                to destroy and to overthrow,
                to build and to plant.”
 1:11 And the word of the LORD came to me, saying, “Jeremiah, what do you see?” And I said, “I see a rod of almond.” 1:12 Then the LORD said to me, “You have seen well, for I am watching over my word to perform it.” 
 1:13 The word of the LORD came to me a second time, saying, “What do you see?” And I said, “I see a boiling pot, facing away from the north.” 1:14 Then the LORD said to me, “Out of the north evil shall break forth upon all the inhabitants of the land. 1:15 For, lo, I am calling all the tribes of the kingdoms of the north, says the LORD; and they shall come and every one shall set his throne at the entrance of the gates of Jerusalem, against all its walls round about, and against all the cities of Judah. 1:16 And I will utter my judgments against them, for all their wickedness in forsaking me; they have burned incense to other gods, and worshiped the works of their own hands. 1:17 But you, gird up your loins; arise, and say to them everything that I command you. Do not be dismayed by them, lest I dismay you before them. 1:18 And I, behold, I make you this day a fortified city, an iron pillar, and bronze walls, against the whole land, against the kings of Judah, its princes, its priests, and the people of the land. 1:19 They will fight against you; but they shall not prevail against you, for I am with you, says the LORD, to deliver you.”
Ezekiel
Ezekiel 1:1-28
      1:1 In the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, on the fifth day of the month, as I was among the exiles by the river Chebar, the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God. 1:2 On the fifth day of the month (it was the fifth year of the exile of King Jehoi’achin), 1:3 the word of the LORD came to Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chalde’ans by the river Chebar; and the hand of the LORD was upon him there.
      1:4 As I looked, behold, a stormy wind came out of the north, and a great cloud, with brightness round about it, and fire flashing forth continually, and in the midst of the fire, as it were gleaming bronze. 1:5 And from the midst of it came the likeness of four living creatures. And this was their appearance: they had the form of men, 1:6 but each had four faces, and each of them had four wings. 1:7 Their legs were straight, and the soles of their feet were like the sole of a calf’s foot; and they sparkled like burnished bronze. 1:8 Under their wings on their four sides they had human hands. And the four had their faces and their wings thus: 1:9 their wings touched one another; they went every one straight forward, without turning as they went. 1:10 As for the likeness of their faces, each had the face of a man in front; the four had the face of a lion on the right side, the four had the face of an ox on the left side, and the four had the face of an eagle at the back. 1:11 Such were their faces. And their wings were spread out above; each creature had two wings, each of which touched the wing of another, while two covered their bodies. 1:12 And each went straight forward; wherever the spirit would go, they went, without turning as they went. 1:13 In the midst of the living creatures there was something that looked like burning coals of fire, like torches moving to and fro among the living creatures; and the fire was bright, and out of the fire went forth lightning. 1:14 And the living creatures darted to and fro, like a flash of lightning.
       1:15 Now as I looked at the living creatures, I saw a wheel upon the earth beside the living creatures, one for each of the four of them. 1:16 As for the appearance of the wheels and their construction: their appearance was like the gleaming of a chrysolite; and the four had the same likeness, their construction being as it were a wheel within a wheel. 1:17 When they went, they went in any of their four directions without turning as they went. 1:18 The four wheels had rims and they had spokes; and their rims were full of eyes round about. 1:19 And when the living creatures went, the wheels went beside them; and when the living creatures rose from the earth, the wheels rose. 1:20 Wherever the spirit would go, they went, and the wheels rose along with them; for the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels. 1:21 When those went, these went; and when those stood, these stood; and when those rose from the earth, the wheels rose along with them; for the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels.
       1:22 Over the heads of the living creatures there was the likeness of a firmament, shining like crystal, spread out above their heads. 1:23 And under the firmament their wings were stretched out straight, one toward another; and each creature had two wings covering its body. 1:24 And when they went, I heard the sound of their wings like the sound of many waters, like the thunder of the Almighty, a sound of tumult like the sound of a host; when they stood still, they let down their wings. 1:25 And there came a voice from above the firmament over their heads; when they stood still, they let down their wings.
       1:26 And above the firmament over their heads there was the likeness of a throne, in appearance like sapphire; and seated above the likeness of a throne was a likeness as it were of a human form. 1:27 And upward from what had the appearance of his loins I saw as it were gleaming bronze, like the appearance of fire enclosed round about; and downward from what had the appearance of his loins I saw as it were the appearance of fire, and there was brightness round about him. 1:28 Like the appearance of the bow that is in the cloud on the day of rain, so was the appearance of the brightness round about.
       Such was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the LORD. And when I saw it, I fell upon my face, and I heard the voice of one speaking.
Answer the following questions from the above texts:

____ #. (11.4.1) The time of ministry for the Deutero-Isaiah prophet was

a) the last days of the divided kingdom
b) during the exile
c) after the restoration
 
____ #. (11.4.2.1.1) Isaiah 6:9-10 and Isaiah 40:1-2 emphasize the same positive message that the respective prophets are to deliver to the people. 
a) True b) False


____ #. (11.4.2.1.1) Which passage in Deutero-Isaiah compares to Isaiah’s vision of God in 6:1-4? 

a) 40:1-2 b) 40:3-5 c) 40:6-8


          #. (11.4.2.1.1) Briefly describe Deutero-Isaiah’s vision of God.

 

 

 

____ #. (11.4.2.1.1)  One common element in the calls of Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel — but not in Deutero-Isaiah — is a reference to the time in which the respective call took place. 

a) True b) False


____ #. (11.4.2.1.1) Which of the four prophets expressed hesitancy to obey the call of God? 

a) Isaiah b) Deutero-Isaiah c) Jeremiah d) Ezekiel


____ #. (11.4.2.1.1) Which two of the four prophets’ calling had bizarre visions associated with it? 

a) Isaiah and Ezekiel b) Deutero-Isaiah and Jeremiah c) Jeremiah and Isaiah d) Ezekiel and Deutero-Isaiah


____ #. (11.4.2.1.1) God spoke to which prophet out of a lightning storm? 

a) Isaiah b) Deutero-Isaiah c) Jeremiah d) Ezekiel


         #. (11.4.2.1.1) In Isaiah’s vision the seraphim each had ______ wings, while in Ezekiel’s vision the living creatures each possessed ______ wings.
 

____ #. (11.4.2.1.1) Both Isaiah and Ezekiel saw the Lord seated on a throne. 

a) True b) False

----------------------------------The Servant Songs--------------------------------

[1] The Servant's Mission, 42:1-4

1Behold my servant, whom I uphold,
        my chosen, in whom my soul delights; 
I have put my Spirit upon him, 
        he will bring forth justice to the nations. 
2He will not cry or lift up his voice, 
        or make it heard in the street; 
3a bruised reed he will not break, 
       and a dimly burning wick he will not quench; 
he will faithfully bring forth justice. 
4He will not fail or be discouraged 
        till he has established justice in the earth; 
and the coastlands wait for his law.

[2] The Servant's Responsibility, 49:1-6

1Listen to me, O coastlands, 
        and hearken, you peoples from afar. 
The LORD called me from the womb, 
        from the body of my mother he named my name.
2He made my mouth like a sharp sword, 
        in the shadow of his hand he hid me; 
he made me a polished arrow, 
        in his quiver he hid me away. 
3And he said to me, "You are my servant, 
        Israel, in whom I will be glorified." 
4But I said, "I have labored in vain, 
       I have spent my strength for nothing and vanity; 
yet surely my right is with the LORD, 
       and my recompense with my God." 
5And now the LORD says, 
       who formed me from the womb to be his servant,
to bring Jacob back to him, 
        and that Israel might be gathered to him, 
for I am honored in the eyes of the LORD, 
        and my God has become my strength — 
6       he says: 
"It is too light a thing that you should be my servant
       to raise up the tribes of Jacob
       and to restore the preserved of Israel; 
I will give you as a light to the nations, 
        that my salvation may reach to the end of
                the earth."

[3] The Servant's Submission, 50:4-11

4The Lord GOD has given me 
        the tongue of those who are taught, 
that I may know how to sustain with a word 
        him that is weary. 
Morning by morning he wakens, 
        he wakens my ear 
        to hear as those who are taught. 
5The Lord GOD has opened my ear, 
        and I was not rebellious, 
        I turned not backward. 
6I gave my back to the smiters, 
        and my cheeks to those who pulled out the beard;
I hid not my face 
        from shame and spitting. 
7For the Lord GOD helps me; 
        therefore I have not been confounded; 
therefore I have set my face like a flint, 
        and I know that I shall not be put to shame; 
8       he who vindicates me is near. 
Who will contend with me? 
        Let us stand up together. 
Who is my adversary? 
        Let him come near to me. 
9Behold, the Lord GOD helps me; 
        who will declare me guilty? 
Behold, all of them will wear out like a garment; 
        the moth will eat them up. 
10Who among you fears the LORD 
        and obeys the voice of his servant, 
who walks in darkness 
        and has no light, 
yet trusts in the name of the LORD 
        and relies upon his God? 
11Behold, all you who kindle a fire, 
        who set brands alight! 
Walk by the light of your fire, 
        and by the brands which you have kindled! 
This shall you have from my hand: 
        you shall lie down in torment.

[4] The Servant's Trial & Responsibility, 52:13-53:12

13Behold, my servant shall prosper, 
        he shall be exalted and lifted up, 
        and shall be very high. 
14As many were astonished at him — 
        his appearance was so marred, beyond
                human semblance, 
        and his form beyond that of the sons of men
                — 
15so shall he startle many nations; 
        kings shall shut their mouths because of him;
for that which has not been told them they shall see,
        and that which they have not heard they
                shall understand.
1Who has believed what we have heard? 
And to whom has the arm of the LORD been
                revealed? 
2For he grew up before him like a young plant, 
        and like a root out of dry ground; 
he had no form or comeliness that we should look
                at him, 
        and no beauty that we should desire him. 
3 He was despised and rejected by men; 
        a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief; 
and as one from whom men hide their faces 
        he was despised, and we esteemed him not. 
4 Surely he has borne our griefs 
        and carried our sorrows; 
yet we esteemed him stricken, 
        smitten by God, and afflicted. 
5But he was wounded for our transgressions, 
        he was bruised for our iniquities; 
upon him was the chastisement that made us whole,
        and with his stripes we are healed. 
6All we like sheep have gone astray; 
        we have turned every one to his own way; 
and the LORD has laid on him 
        the iniquity of us all. 
7He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, 
        yet he opened not his mouth; 
like a lamb that is led to the slaughter, 
        and like a sheep that before its shearers is dumb,
        so he opened not his mouth. 
8By oppression and judgment he was taken away;
        and as for his generation, who considered 
that he was cut off out of the land of the living, 
        stricken for the transgression of my people? 
9And they made his grave with the wicked 
        and with a rich man in his death, 
although he had done no violence, 
        and there was no deceit in his mouth. 
10Yet it was the will of the LORD to bruise him; 
        he has put him to grief; 
when he makes himself an offering for sin, 
        he shall see his offspring, he shall prolong his days; 
the will of the LORD shall prosper in his hand; 
11he shall see the fruit of the travail of his soul
        and be satisfied; 
by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant, 
        make many to be accounted righteous; 
        and he shall bear their iniquities. 
12Therefore I will divide him a portion with the great, 
        and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; 
because he poured out his soul to death, 
        and was numbered with the transgressors; 
yet he bore the sin of many, 
        and made intercession for the transgressors.

Answer the following questions from the above texts:

         #. (11.4.2.1.4) Briefly describe the mission of the Servant in 42:1-4.

 

 

____ #. (11.4.2.1.5) Which text defines the Servant’s responsibility as restoration of the Jewish people? 

a) 49:1-3 b) 49:4 c) 49:5


____ #. (11.4.2.1.5) Which text extends the Servant’s responsibility beyond the Jewish people? 

a) 49:1-3 b) 49:5 c) 49:6


____ #. (11.4.2.1.6) Can the following characterization of the Servant’s stance in 50:4-11 toward his mission be made correctly?

  “The Servant arrogantly confronted the enemies of God with resolute determination to crush their criticisms.”
a) yes b) no


____ #. (11.4.2.1.7) Which of the Servant songs was most frequently a source for New Testament Messianic quotes relating to Jesus Christ? 

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4